Brazil's run-off could hinge on voters who stayed home

First-round abstention

21 %

About 33.4 million Brazilian adults skipped the first round on Oct 4, the highest abstention rate for a general election since 1998.

A Quaest poll shows a statistical deadlock, within the margin of error.

Experts say many abstainers are not protesting: some moved without transferring their registration, have work or care duties, or live far from a polling station. The fine for not voting is under a dollar.

Brazil

Lula promises free weekend public transport and debt relief for small businesses, and Senator Flavio Bolsonaro tax breaks. Brazil votes in the run-off on Sunday.